Вестник Самарского государственного экономического университета

Вестник самарского государственного экономического университета
Vestnik of Samara State University of Economics

2025 №6 (248)

WORLD ECONOMY

Ivanova N.I., Melihova M.D.

Problems of Russia`s participation in the system of international division of labor at the present stage

Abstract. The article investigates Russia`s participation in the modern system of the international division of labor (IDL), identifies challenges arisingfrom geopolitical changes, as well as new opportunities associated with them. The commodity and country structure of Russia`s exports and imports for 2022 is analyzed, the main trading partners and traded goods are identified. It is noted that China is expected to become Russia`s largest foreign trade partner. At the same time, the Russian-Chinese trade and economic cooperation is not in favor of Russia. The latter supplies China mainly with raw materials - the minimally processed goods that contain the lowest added value - in exchange for industrial science-intensive products. Such a commodity structure of trade is partly determined by Western restrictions and the corresponding geopolitical context. The consolidation of this commodity structure for a longer or shorter period will slow down Russia`s achievement of technological sovereignty, threaten the national interests and security of the country, and therefore changes are needed. The problems of the international division of labor faced by our country related to the sanctions pressure of the collective West are considered. New opportunities for improving Russia`s economic situation have been identified, the main conclusions about the prospects have been drawn, and mechanisms for participation in the international division of labor on equal terms, taking into account national interests, have been proposed. In particular, the mobilization of domestic lending is recommended, especially in technologically dependent, knowledge-intensive industries - aircraft and shipbuilding.
Keywords: international division of labor, global supply chains, international trade, commodity structure, country structure, export, import, trading partners, economic development. Highlights: - in order to determine Russia`s place in the system of the international division of labor, its foreign trade model in terms of commodity and country structure has been studied; Russia`s main trading partner is China, which ranks first both as an importer of Russian goods and as a supplier of goods to Russia; - Russia imports high-tech goods with high added value, i.e. final consumer goods; such a position in IDL induces dependence and threatens the country`s sovereignty, since the operation of core industries that are vital to the economy relies on imports; - the main deduction from the restrictions is as follows: technologies and innovations for processing resources and independently meetingthe needs of the core industries are to be developed within the country; this is a necessary condition for national security; - drawing foreign investments may have unfavorable consequences for the country; foreign investors, especially these from China, create jobs primarily for their own employees and build infrastructure that remains either in their ownership or under their control and influence; this scheme of the so-called "soft power" is currently being implemented by China in African countries, as well as across the post-Soviet territories in Central Asia; domestic lending, provided that the Central Bank reduces the key rate, seems a more reliable instrument.

Email:	cleotasha@rambler.ru; marial2melihova@gmail.com
Сведения:	Natalia I. Ivanova, Maria D. Melihova - Samara State University of Economics, Samara, Russia

REGIONAL AND SECTORAL ECONOMY

Alai Eerlan, Bedrina E.B.

Internal mobility of the population and urbanization of China in the light of the problem of sustainable development of territories

Abstract. The system of population registration at the place of permanent residence adopted in China has for a longtime restrained the migration of rural population to cities, which are the drivers of sustainable economic growth. As a result, a pronounced imbalance in the level of economic development of Chinese regions and the phenomenon of "floating population" emerged. At present, there is a gradual process of reforming this system in the direction of removing restrictions on population mobility. Therefore, the research problem is to find a relationship between China`s internal population mobility and urbanization to identify the potential of sustainable development of territories. Based on the data of the seventh national census of China, a comparative assessment of population mobility in Chinese regions was carried out, and the factors of population migration and its socio-economic consequences were identified. The analysis was carried out for 31 provincial-level administrative units (without Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macao). The conclusions are drawn about the growth of population mobility, the presence of significant potential for urban growth and sustainable development of territories, and the importance of removing restrictions on population mobility and creating conditions for the growth of economic activity in the regions of outflow of labor migrants.
Keywords: mobile population, internal migration, Hukou system, "floating population", urbanization, sustainable development, regional inequality, socio-economic problems, China`s regions, China`s provincial-level administrative units. Highlights: - China has established and has been operating a population registration system for a longtime, which serves as an important tool for monitoring and regulating internal migration of the population, as well as restraining its mobility and thereby slowing down the processes of urbanization; - urbanization increases with increasing mobility of the population and is an important condition for the sustainable development of territories; - the modern population registration system in China leads to increased territorial inequality and inefficient allocation of resources; in this regard, it is concluded that it is possible and necessary to abolish the current system of population registration and at the same time create conditions for the development of territories that are donors of labor resources.

Email:	aray.yerlan@inbox.ru; Bedrinal967@mail.ru
Сведения:	Alai Eerlan, Elena B. Bedrina - Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russia

Vaskova Yu.I.

Formation of economic security strategy for meat processing enterprises based on anti-crisis management

Abstract. The article is devoted to the issues of forming a strategy of economic security of meat processing enterprises in conditions of uncertainty. The author studied scientific works on the topic, identified shortcomings of the prevailing approach in research to the formation of the strategy of economic security, substantiated the feasibility of using elements of anti-crisis management in the process of forming the strategy of economic security of meat processing enterprises in conditions of uncertainty, identified elements of anti-crisis management that need to be integrated into the strategy of economic security of meat processing enterprises, analyzed methodological approaches to determining the size of the anti-crisis reserve of meat processing enterprises.
Keywords: economic security, anti-crisis management, meat processing enterprises, strategy of economic security of meat processing enterprises, anti-crisis reserve, methodology for calculating anti-crisis financial reserve. Highlights: - the disadvantages of the functional approach to the formation of the economic security strategy of meat processing enterprises are the isolation of functions, limited perspective, insufficient flexibility, risk of duplication of efforts, lack of a comprehensive vision; - the high degree of uncertainty and volatility of the economic environment inherent in the current stage of development necessitates the presence of anti-crisis management in other types of enterprise management; - the range of generally accepted elements of the strategy of meat processing enterprises must be expanded due to such elements as monitoring of macroeconomic indicators, risk analysis, creation of reserves, diversification of the enterprise economy and anti-crisis management; - the specifics of the activities of meat processing enterprises and their exposure to various risks determine the use of a combined method for calculating the size of the anti-crisis reserve, taking into account various aspects of financial stability and potential threats.

Email:	rygyk@list.ru
Сведения:	Yulia I. Vaskova - Samara State University of Economics, Samara, Russia

Gvarliani T.E., Altunyan A.O.

Economic aspects of the introduction of CRM systems in the activities of sanatorium-resort organizations

Abstract. In the context of rapid digital technology development and intensified competition in the health resort services market, studying the economic aspects of CRM system implementation becomes particularly relevant. Traditional customer relationship management methods often prove insufficient for ensuring consistent growth in financial performance and cost optimization, posing a challenge for modern health resort organizations. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the economic aspects of implementing CRM systems in the activities of sanatorium-resort organizations by identifying key ways to optimize the costs of their acquisition, configuration and operation in order to improve the efficiency of customer base management and increase competitiveness. The findings indicate that integrating CRM systems significantly reduces operating expenses, improves service quality, and increases repeat customer business. The key conclusions highlight the substantial potential of CRM technologies as a tool for digital transformation, optimizing business processes and enhancing financial outcomes in health resort organizations.
Keywords: CRM systems, health resort organizations, economic efficiency, financial performance, cost optimization, digital transformation, business processes. Highlights: - sanatorium and resort organizations are forced to switch to digital technologies in order to work effectively with clients in conditions of fierce competition; - the implementation of CRM systems optimizes costs by automating processes and improving financial indicators; - the use of CRM systems provides personalized service, contributing to the formation of a loyal client base and the sustainable development of the sanatorium and resort services sector.

Email:	antana-tata@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9686-510X; altunyan2015a@mail.ru
Сведения:	Tatiana E. Gvarliani, Artur 0. Altunyan - Sochi State University, Sochi, Russia

Kolesnikov A.M., Khurgina V.N.

Application of inter-industry balance in the context of digitalization and global challenges: global and Russian experience

Abstract. The article investigates modern practices of applying the input-output model (interindustry balance) in the context of digitalization and global challenges, such as deglobalization, sanctions, and climate change. It explores the historical context of the input-output model, its evolution, and current trends in global and Russian practices. Special attention is given to the role of new technologies (blockchain, loT, Al digital twins) in implementing dynamic input-output models. Using the example of a manufacturing enterprise, the architecture of a system enabling operational planning and the protection of national interests is presented. The study identifies challenges and risks of implementation, as well as prospects for further research to scale the approach to industry and regional levels.
Keywords: interindustry balance, digitalization, dynamic models, blockchain, loT, Al, digital twins, deglobalization, sanctions, economic planning, national interests. Highlights: - a theoretical and methodological basis for the application of dynamic intersectoral balance in the context of digitalization has been developed, including the transition from static to dynamic models using block-chain, loT, Al and digital twins technologies, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency and accuracy of economic planning in the face of global challenges; - the architecture of the dynamic intersectoral balance system for the microlevel has been formed, providing integration of loT sensors for real-time data collection, blockchain networks for transparency, Al modules for forecasting and digital twins for scenario modeling, which contributes to anti-crisis management in an enterprise under sanctions; - the work substantiates the adaptation of the intersectoral balance to Russian conditions through digitalization based on a comparative analysis of international experience, which made it possible to identify the advantages and limitations of using intersectoral balance in the USA, EU, China and Russia, as well as to propose integration with digital platforms such as the Rosstat Data Center to improve planning efficiency; - an approach to scaling the dynamic intersectoral balance to regional and international levels is proposed, includingthe creation of common digital balances within the EAEU, which increases the stability of the region`s economy and protects national interests in the context of deglobalization and geopolitical instability; - the risks of introducing a dynamic intersectoral balance, including data scarcity, high computing costs and the need for infrastructure investments, have been identified and systematized, and measures to minimize them, such as the development of data collection technologies and interagency interaction, have been proposed.

Email:	98943039@mail.ru; v.khurgina@gmail.com
Сведения:	Alexandr M. Kolesnikov, Viktoria N. Khurgina - St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Saint Petersburg, Russia

Kucheryavenko S.A.

Digital transformation of the marketing promotion model of educational products of higher education

Abstract. The article substantiates the significance of digital transformation for higher education institutions and their competitiveness. The work contains the analysis of the impact of digital technologies on the marketing promotion of educational products, the analysis of traditional and modern approaches to marketing promotion; the role of digital technologies in educational marketing is noted, modern tools of digital marketing of educational products are highlighted. The subject of the study is digital technologies and methods used in the process of marketing promotion of higher education educational products. The object is the process of marketing promotion of higher education products in the context of digital transformation. The research purpose is to analyze the influence of digital technologies on the process of marketing promotion of higher education educational products and to develop recommendations for the effective use of these technologies to improve the results of marketing campaigns.
Keywords: marketing, marketing in education, marketing activities, marketing control, educational products. Highlights: - the role of digital technologies in educational marketing is defined; - the analysis of the impact of digital technologies on the process of marketing promotion of educational products of higher education is presented; - the structure of the marketing control model for educational institutions of higher education is proposed .

Email:	Kucheryavenko_s@bsuedu.ru
Сведения:	Svetlana A. Kucheryavenko - Belgorod State National Research University, Belgorod, Russia

Lyachenkov M.I.

Structural foundations of localization of innovative processes in the domestic industry of auto components

Abstract. Over the past decades, the Russian automobile industry has consistently gone through three stages of localization from the lowest to the highest. The transition between them was determined exclusively by political reasons, which leads to the conclusion that economics and politics are inextricably linked phenomena and do not exist separately from each other. Therefore, from the point of view of current realities, it is irrational to think in purely economic imperatives, and it is necessary to take into account possible and real political risks in industry planning. Protectionism and the desire for import substitution are reasonable measures designed to protect our own industry and economic self-sufficiency. And the localization of production here is in line with the designated focus of development. Of course, it is impossible to develop in complete isolation, however, independence in key critical areas, and especially in technology, is an important aspect of both public policy and business planning. In the context of our own technological backwardness, the issue of localization, borrowing and transfer of technologies and production to the country is relevant. For the automotive industry, the driver of innovations in industry, this issue has the highest priority and relevance in the existing political and economic realities of the last decade. The current work, which is devoted to the analysis of the process of localization of innovation processes in the domestic industry of auto components, is in this vein. The author believes that the most rational way to implement the tasks set is clustering and the creation of similar integrated structures that, due to the effect of scale and connectivity of participants in industrial cooperation, will increase the overall indicators of competitiveness and efficiency.
Keywords:automotive industry, importsubstitution, innovation, localization, development prospects, production of auto components, industry, influencing factors. Highlights: - localization of production of automobiles and components for them is a long process, stretched out over many years and occurring in several stages; - localization is a necessary and relevant phenomenon in the current conditions of technological backwardness of the Russian automobile industry in qualitative and quantitative terms from world leaders; - in the context of current development, it is advisable to focus attention not only on the comprehensive nature of import substitution (because of the ban on imports in the context of sanctions), but also on the transfer of foreign technologies and related innovations to the country`s territory; this poses new challenges and expands the planning horizons for the process of localization of auto component production.

Email:	M.lyachenkov@groupdsk.ru, https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1942-9375
Сведения:	Mikhail I. Lyachenkov - Samara State University of Economics, Samara, Russia

Kholmovsky S.G.

Electronic price tags in retail: advantages and limitations

Abstract. One of the basic rights of consumers is the rightto information, which also implies familiarizing the buyer with the price of the product, carried out with the help of price tags attached to the product or located next to it. The article investigates the key legislative norms governing the use of price tags in retail trade in the Russian Federation. The organizational, technical and economic advantages of using electronic price tags in traditional retail are considered, and the technical solutions offered on the market in this area are considered. There is a gradual shift away from the use of traditional price tags towards the use of electronic media, which are increasingly used by trading enterprises of various types and formats. Significant onetime costs for the purchase of price tags, for the introduction of technology within a separate trading company, and for subsequent maintenance of the information system have been identified as the main constraint on the use of electronic price tags. Other obstacles to the wider use of electronic price indicators in modern conditions are considered. The practical aspects of the joint use of dynamic pricing methods and electronic price tags in traditional retail are studied. It is noted that electronic price tags are a necessary condition for the successful use of dynamic pricing in retail trade.
Keywords: electronic price tag, retail, dynamic pricing, consumer rights. Highlights: - the use of electronic price tags in retail has many advantages; - the introduction of electronic price tags faces a number of technical and economic constraints; - the use of electronic price tags in combination with dynamic pricing in retail trade will improve the economic performance of trading enterprises.

Email:	staskhol@mail.ru
Сведения:	Stanislav G. Kholmovsky - Baikal State University, Irkutsk, Russia

Shor I.M.

Construction of main-type highways using concession agreements

Abstract. The relevance of the research is related to the high need for the formation of an efficiently functioning transport infrastructure in Russia that meets the priorities of national development. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the expediency of usingconcession agreements in the construction of highways and to develop recommendations aimed at improving this process. The novelty of the research lies in the development of theoretical provisions and practical recommendations aimed at forming a well-developed practice of applying concession agreements in the construction of highways. The methodological basis of the work consists of methods of comparison, synthesis, analysis, expert assessment and the logical method, the information basis is official documents, regulatory legal acts, materials of the Rosinfra platform. The results of the study of scientific papers by Russian and foreign scientists, analytical materials on the application of public-private partnership in transport infrastructure in general and its road component in particular were also used. An assessment of the current state of Russian highways has been carried out and the prospects for their construction have been determined. Based on a SWOT analysis of concession agreements, the expediency of their use in the construction of highways is substantiated, and emphasis is placed on the essential characteristics of models of this form of public private partnership (PPP). The key indicators of the implementation of motorway PPP projects are analyzed. The factors constraining the development of concessionary practice in the implementation of highway construction projects are systematized, and recommendations for their elimination are developed. A set of conditions is presented that facilitate the effective application of concession agreements in the construction of highways. The theoretical significance of the research lies in the formation of the scientific foundations for the application of concession agreements in the construction of motorways, and the practical significance lies in the use of the results obtained in the development and implementation of concession motorway projects.
Keywords: transport infrastructure, road construction, highways, motorway, public-private partnership, PPP, concession agreement, project, government, business. Highlights: - the predominance of the advantages and opportunities over the disadvantages and threats of the concession agreement allows us to consider it as an attractive form of PPP in relation to the construction of main-type highways, involving direct collection of fees from highway users and fees from a public partner; - key indicators of the implementation of motorway PPP projects indicate the presence of organizational, managerial, financial, economic, industrial, technological and legal factors hinderingthe development of concessionary practice for the implementation of motorway construction projects; - ensuring the effectiveness of concession agreements in highway construction involves the formation of a high-quality regulatory framework, a well-developed institutional environment, as well as a well-coordinated mechanism for cooperation between partners with sufficient competencies and resources for the effective implementation of concessionary highway projects for which there is long-term demand from the state.

Email:	shorlM@volsu.ru
Сведения:	Inna M. Shor - Volgograd State University, Volgograd, Russia

Huseynli T.H.

The role of Azerbaijan`s energy sector in the implementation of economic reforms in modern conditions

Аннотация. Энергетическая отрасль является одной из основных движущих сил современного экономического развития. Управление энергетическими ресурсами, развитие возобновляемых источников энергии и энергетическая безопасность играют решающую роль в успешной реализации экономических реформ. Многие страны направляют доходы от добычи нефти и газа на строительство инфраструктуры и диверсификацию экономики. При этом развитие возобновляемых источников энергии, переход к «зеленой» экономике, повышение энергоэффективности являются одними из основных направлений современных реформ. Источники бесперебойного питания обеспечивают стабильную работу промышленных предприятий. Зависимость от нефти, дорогостоящий технологический переход и политические риски - вот основные проблемы, с которыми сталкивается энергетический сектор. Однако внедрение цифровых технологий, расширение международного сотрудничества, развитие альтернативных источников энергии помогают решить эти проблемы. Реформы в энергетическом секторе укрепляют энергетическую безопасность страны, снижают внешнюю зависимость и повышают национальную экономическую независимость. В то же время энергетический сектор создает новые рабочие места, способствует модернизации рынка труда и повышает социальное благосостояние. Реформы в энергетике обеспечивают долгосрочное экономическое развитие и повышают глобальную конкурентоспособность страны. Энергетический сектор является неотъемлемой частью современной экономики сточки зрения промышленной модернизации, инноваций и экологической устойчивости.
Ключевые слова: энергетика, цифровые технологии, инновации, экономические реформы, технологический переход, возобновляемая энергетика. Основные положения: - доходы от экспорта нефти и газа выступают финансовым гарантом диверсификации экономики и поддерживают инвестиции в ненефтяной сектор; - обновление энергетической инфраструктуры и технологическая модернизация создают условия для ускорения реформ и поддержания экономической стабильности; - использование альтернативных источников энергии в рамках экономических реформ повышает энергетическую безопасность и снижает воздействие на окружающую среду; - энергетический сектор играет важную роль в привлечении иностранных инвестиций, формировании торгового баланса и интеграции в мировые энергетические рынки.

Email:	talehuseynlil5@gmail.com
Сведения:	Тале Гусейн оглы Гусейнли - Бакинский евразийский университет, Баку, Азербайджанская Республика

106

Nuriyev J.I.

Directions on governmental role increasing in the development of small and medium tourism entrepreneurship in Azerbaijan

Аннотация. Туристическая индустрия Азербайджана значительно развилась за последние годы и в настоящее время играет важную роль в экономике страны. Туризм признан одним из основных секторов экономики во всем мире, поскольку он не только обеспечивает занятость местного населения, но и приводит к притоку иностранной валюты и увеличению спроса на местную продукцию и услуги. В Азербайджане проводится масштабная работа по развитию данной отрасли. Малые и средние туристические предприятия, включающие гостиницы, рестораны, туристические агентства и др., работающие в основном в регионах, вносят весомый вклад в развитие туристического сектора в Азербайджане. Эти предприятия оказывают положительное влияние на местную экономику, создают новые рабочие места, а также укрепляют позиции страны на международном туристическом рынке, пропагандируя культурное наследие и природную красоту Азербайджана. Участие государства в развитии малого и среднего туристического бизнеса имеет решающее значение для процветания и поддержания конкурентоспособности этой отрасли. Благоприятная среда, созданная государством для туристической сферы, и оказываемая им поддержка создают условия для реализации предпринимателями инновационных идей, укрепления их позиций на рынке и вывода продукции на мировой рынок. Целью данной статьи является рассмотрение различных направлений повышения роли государства в развитии малого и среднего туристического предпринимательства в Азербайджане.
Ключевые слова: малый и средний бизнес, роль государства, развитие промышленности, туристический рынок. Основные положения: - повышение роли государства в развитии малого и среднего туристического предпринимательства в Азербайджане имеет решающее значение как с экономической, так и с социальной точки зрения; - поддержка, оказываемая государством малому и среднему туристическому бизнесу, приводит к созданию новых рабочих мест, увеличению национального дохода и валютных поступлений, сохранению и популяризации национальной культуры и наследия, улучшению предпринимательской среды, устойчивому развитию и инновациям, формированию национального бренда.

Email:	jeyhunuriyev@gmail.com
Сведения:	Джейхун Ильгар оглы Нуриев - Азербайджанский государственный экономический университет, Баку, Азербайджанская Республика

116

MANAGEMENT AND BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

Barkovskaya V.E., Aleksakhina V.G., Chueva I.I.

IVIanagement of creative industries: trends and development issues

Abstract. This study addresses the issues of the development of creative industries in Russia in the era of the promotion of the creative economy and the knowledge economy. The development of scientific and technological progress and breakthrough technologies have defined a new trend of creative industries into an independent branch of the economy. Currently, the main focus is on management and popularization of the contribution of creative entrepreneurship to the country`s economy, including in the field of import substitution, proprietary technologies, and strengthening Russian values. It is especially important to create a more attractive sphere for attracting young people, cultivating creative talents and increasing the youth labor market. The development of creative industries also requires the application of new management concepts in this environment. In this regard, the authors clarified the concept of "creative industries" taking into account the regulatory framework and research approaches, made an evolutionary review of the creative environment, identified problems and trends in the management of creative industries and proposed measures to support and strengthen areas in the field of creative initiatives. The key aspect of the research is to expand the applied issues of creative industries management in order to develop the scientific and intellectual capital of young talents and personnel in our country.
Keywords: management, creative industries, creative economy, management of creative entrepreneur-ship. Highlights: - the author`s concepts of creative industries are proposed, which are based on creative and intellectual components, where creative potential is the main component of modern production. The systematization of scientific approaches is caused by the weak theoretical basis of research, the practical lack of regulatory documentation on the definition of categories of subjects related to creative entrepreneurship; - the directions for creatingan ecosystem of creative industries project for the formation of a sustainable mechanism for managing the development of creative industries are proposed, which are based on the consolidation of special institutions and structures to stimulate creative entrepreneurship, intersectoral organizations for the development of creative tracks for young personnel, expert councils for the evaluation and promotion of creative projects, which will help attract financing and support for creative startups; - an approach to the development of managerial competencies in the management of creative industries is proposed, which is caused by the lag of domestic experience in the field of developing new markets and the lack of strategic mechanisms for managing the creative environment.

Email:	barkovskaya.ve@ut-mo.ru; aleksakhina@ut-mo.ru; ii.chueva@mail.ru
Сведения:	Victoria E. Barkovskaya, Vera G. Aleksakhina, Irina I. Chueva - Technological University named after Twice Hero of the Soviet Union, Cosmonaut A.A. Leonov, Korolev, Russia

124

WORLD ECONOMY

REGIONAL AND SECTORAL ECONOMY

MANAGEMENT AND BUSINESS MANAGEMENT