Вестник Самарского государственного экономического университета

Вестник самарского государственного экономического университета
Vestnik of Samara State University of Economics

2023 №9 (227)

WORLD ECONOMY

Shatunov M.V.

Domestic and foreign value added in exports in the era of global value chains: data from Russia

Abstract The study presents an analysis of data on value-added trade provided by ICIO OECD and ADB MRIO, investigates a set of value-added indicators to determine the dynamics of internal and external components of exports and to illustrate direct and inverse links of Russia in global value chains. It is noted that in conditions of economic shocks, knowledge of the geographical origin of value added in exports contributes to faster political decision-making and the earliest restoration or replacement of affected links in the global value chains. The article also considers issues of the share of foreign and domestic value added in Russian exports and how certain sectors of the Russian economy are integrated into the global value chains.
Keywords: global value chains, GVCs, global production systems, domestic value added, foreign value added, fragmented production, world trade, value added trade Highlights: ♦ theoretical concepts of the decomposition of gross exports into domestic and foreign components of added values have been studied; ♦ using key methodologies for calculating the index of participation in the global value chains based on direct and feedback links, the degree of Russia`s participation in the value-added trade at the national and sectoral levels is determined; ♦ the calculation of the main indices of participation in the global value chains was carried out on the basis of the input-output tables of ADB MRIO and OECD ICIO, comparable results were obtained with the same trends in the dynamics of coefficients from year to year and small discrepancies in the values of the indices of 1-2%.

Email:	shmihhail@yandex.ru
Сведения:	Mikhail V. Shatunov - Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia

REGIONAL AND SECTORAL ECONOMY

Goreva E.A., Palkina M.V., Khvostov A.I.

On the development of the tourism potential of the Russian depressed regions based on the cluster approach

Abstract The article is devoted to the consideration of the tourist potential of depressed regions and the assessment of possibilities of its development based on clustering. Approaches of the Russian and foreign scientists to the interpretation of the concept of the tourist potential of a region are identified and systematized. The rating of depressed regions of Russia in terms of the tourism potential is analyzed. The analysis was based on data from the Russian rating agency Expert RA on the rating of investment attractiveness of the regions of the Russian Federation for 2011-2020. The potential of clustering of the tourism sector in the depressed regions has been assessed. In the depressed regions with an increased potential for clustering of the tourism sector, the development of tourist clusters is proposed. Conclusions obtained as a result of the conducted research may have practical significance for the authorities of both depressed and non-depressed regions of the Russian Federation.
Keywords: region, potential, cluster, tourism potential, tourism cluster, depressed regions Highlights: ♦ key characteristics are identified and a refined definition of the concept of "tourism potential of a region" is formulated; ♦ a high level of differentiation of depressed regions according to their existing tourism potential has been established; ♦ it was revealed that amongthe Russian depressed regions, the Altai Territory and the Volgograd Region have the greatest potential for clustering the tourism sector.

Email:	goreva_e@mail.com; palmavik@yandex.ru; superlightc@gmail.com
Сведения:	Elena A. Goreva, Marina V. Palkina, Artem I. Khvostov - Vyatka State University, Kirov, Russia

Dadykin V.S., Podobay N.V., Burago V.V.

Designing a system for conducting geo-economic monitoring at the regional level using an ontograph model

Abstract Within the framework of monitoring the economic indicators of deposits of solid minerals and groundwater (geo-economic monitoring) at the regional level, an urgent task is to preserve both the ecological balance of the territory and, uniform and economically rational subsurface use. It should be noted that at present the issue of rational development of deposits is closely related to the issues of reproduction of mineral resources. This connection requires not only methodological, but also programmatic and analytical justification. The essence of the latter is to develop long-term and medium-term programs of geological exploration of the subsurface, aimed at the preservation and reproduction of mineral raw materials. In order to form programs, it is necessary to support analytically the need for measures to conserve mineral resources. Ultimately, to analyze the need for measures for the reproduction of mineral resources, an information storage system based on the principle of a multidimensional data management system is required. Such systems are currently being developed on the basis of ontology, in turn, the ontological graph reflecting relationships of finite elements will be considered as an ontograph model. The purpose of this work is to design a system for conducting geo-economic monitoring at the regional level through an ontological approach. As a result, it is necessary to build a model reflectingthe relationship between geological and economic indicators.
Keywords: geo-economic monitoring, regional economy, subsurface use, ontograph Highlights: ♦ to build an ontological model, it is necessary to use blocks for geological objects and industrial raw materials points containing a miningfacility and a miningfacility; ♦ in order to perform calculations using the expert method, we propose to form an analytical model of fuzzy logic, which will aggregate expert estimates entered into the ontological model and perform the corresponding calculation; ♦ the estimates obtained made it possible to rank the subsurface areas in the territory of the Bryansk region according to their prospects in terms of the possibility of their industrial development with the currently available technical means and work technologies.

Email:	Dadykin88@bk.ru; Iady.natali888@yandex.ru; vvbur@yandex.ru
Сведения:	Valery S. Dadykin, Natalya V. Podobay, Vyacheslav V. Burago - Bryansk State Technical University, Bryansk, Russia

Kurnikova M.V., Guseva M.S., Toth B.I.

The best European practices of converting the border position into a competitive advantage and territorial capital of a region

Abstract Regional competitiveness is determined not only by the physical and intangible assets of a territory, but also by the regional ability to convert them into economic growth and development. Border cooperation is an important mechanism for converting territorial capital into competitive advantages for border regions. In this regard, the article is aimed at studying specific cases of the EU border regions, assessingthe impact of border cooperation on the increase of regional competitiveness and individual characteristics of territorial capital, connected with innovative development of border regions. The research is carried on the example of 10 NUTS-2 regions, included in the list of 50 most active regions by the number of implemented projects of cross-border cooperation in the programming period 2014-2020. It is shown that the specificity of the use of the potential of the border situation by EU regions is largely determined by the degree of interest of the neighbouring countries in the implementation of cross-border cooperation projects with equal importance of the joint border area for national economy as a whole. The concept of the «bottom-up» policy, on which the idea of cross-border cooperation in the EU is based, allows to intensify cooperation between local communities, create new values at the regional level: hard (new companies, jobs, new goods and services, infrastructure) and soft ones (knowledge, skills and new skills of the local community) capable of ensuring the economic and social development of border regions.
Keywords: border cooperation, border region, territorial capital, competitiveness, competitive advantage Highlights: ♦ the potential of the border situation is exploited in the implementation of cross-border cooperation projects by creating competitive advantages on the basis of asymmetric cross-border interactions; ♦ potential accessibility (both physical, due to geographical proximity, and economic, resultingfrom border cooperation with a neighbouringterritory) created by transboundary interactions, has a positive impact on the spatial distribution of economic growth and population growth; ♦ cross-border cooperation helps participating regions to build long-term partnerships that go beyond the duration and scope of individual projects.

Email:	mvkurnikova@gmail.com; gusevams@yandex.ru; toth.balazs.istvan@uni-sopron.hu
Сведения:	Marina V. Kurnikova, Maria S. Guseva - Samara State University of Economics, Samara, Russia; Balazs Istvan Toth - University of Sopron, Sopron, Hungary

Farkhutdinova A.U.

Assessing the effectiveness of budget expenditures in the field of housing and communal services on the example of the regions of the Volga Federal District

Abstract Under the influence of various endogenous and exogenous shocks, a limited amount of funds and the different state of the housing and communal services sector (hereinafter - housing and communal services) in the regions, there is a need to improve the quality of public financial management and optimize expenses in this area. Finding ways to optimize the use of budget funds necessitates assessing the performance of the industry, as well as selecting and justifying a system of indicators for analysis. Based on the selected indicators, the state of the housing and communal services sector was assessed using data from the Republic of Bashkortostan as an example, and the main problems were identified. A methodological toolkit for assessingthe effectiveness of budget expenditures is proposed, which allows, based on the ratio of costs and results, to identify a region of «best practice", determine the effectiveness of other territories and reserves for improving their situation. Testing based on statistical data for the regions of the Volga Federal District made it possible to identify effective and ineffective regions. The importance of applying the proposed approach in assessingthe effectiveness of budget expenditures in the housing and communal services sector at the regional level is determined. The results obtained as part of the study are the initial basis for assessing additional factors influencing the effectiveness of regional expenditures in the housing and communal services sector and developing recommendations for financingthe industry.
Keywords: housing and communal services, effectiveness of budget expenditures, emergency housing, deterioration of communal infrastructure, DEA method Highlights: ♦ the increased influence of various exogenous and endogenous shocks, the limited amount of funds make it necessary to assess the effectiveness of budget expenditures and optimize their distribution in order to achieve socially useful goals in the housing and communal services sector; ♦ an assessment of the effectiveness of expenditures in housing and communal services in the regions of the Volga Federal District revealed the potential for optimizingthe use of budget funds; ♦ the potential for cost reduction in high-performing regions (R=l) is 0%; ♦ ineffective regions (R<1) have the potential to reduce costs in the amount of more than 80 billion rubles in 2022 prices.

Email:	aliya_2186@bk.ru
Сведения:	Aliya U. Farkhutdinova - Ufa Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia

Shakirova Yu.A., Gataullina A.A., Sozonova V.A., Zyabbarova A.A.

Features of the formation and development of the territorial higher education system of the Volga Federal District

Abstract The article investigates specific characteristics of the formation of the higher education system in the subjects of the Volga Federal District. In order to analyze a system of scientific and educational institutions of the district, statistical data from Rosstat, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, the results of the population census for the period 2017-2022 were studied, on the basis of which such methods as descriptive, comparative, cartographic, geoinformation, and mathematical statistics were applied. The dynamics of the main indicators of higher education (a number of universities, a number of students, specialization of students, a number of people with higher education, etc.) is analyzed with the identification of key trends, including a reduction in the number of universities, in particular public and private institutions of higher education, the concentration of scientific and educational space in certain top economic regions (the Republic of Tatarstan, Nizhny Novgorod the region, Perm Region, etc.). Based on the trend model, a forecast of the number of university students until 2027 was built, which allowed us to conclude about a trend of reduction in the number of students, which will negatively affect the economy of the regions in the future. To assess the accessibility of higher education in the regions of the district, the coefficient of higher education provision was calculated, the features of spatial differentiation of the indicator were revealed - lagging regions (the Chuvash Republic, the Republic of Bashkortostan, etc.) and leading ones (the Republic of Tatarstan, the Samara Region, etc.) were identified. To assess the regional demand for higher education, an integral index of the need for universities was calcu lated, on the basis of which the regions with the maximum need for universities (Kirov Region, Perm Region, Ulyanovsk and Orenburg regions) were determined.
Keywords: territorial system of higher education, university, Volga Federal District, region, higher education, trends, provision coefficient of higher education, integral index of need in universities Highlights: ♦ the uneven placement and concentration of scientific and educational institutions (universities) in certain economically successful subjects of the Russian Federation has been revealed; ♦ the basic indicators of the scientific and educational environment of the region (the number of higher educational institutions, the number of students, the proportion of students in training specialties, etc.) are considered in dynamics, on the basis of which the main trends are identified: a decrease in the number of scientific and educational institutions with a parallel decrease in the number of students; ♦ based on the calculation of the coefficient of higher education provision, the regions with the minimum coefficient value (Orenburg region, Bashkortostan and Chuvashia) and the regions with the lowest coefficient value (Republic of Mari El, Mordovia, Tatarstan, etc.) are identified; ♦ based on the calculation of the integral index of the need for universities, regions with the maximum need for universities (Kirov region, Perm Region, Ulyanovsk and Orenburg regions) and regions with the minimum need for universities (Tatarstan, Samara region, Mordovia) were identified.

Email:	JAShakirova@kpfu.ru; AliAShugaepova@kpfu.ru; VASozonova@stud.kpfu.ru; AliAZyabbarova@kpfu.ru
Сведения:	Yulia A. Shakirova, Aliya A. Gataullina, Victoria A. Sozonova, Alina A. Zyabbarova - Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia

Shor I.M.

Public-private partnership in the utility and energy sector of Russia: achieved results, problems and challenges

Abstract The inefficiency of functioning of the utility and energy sector of Russia, accompanied by limited funds of the state (municipal) budget, actualizes issues of the use of public-private partnership (PPP), based on the involvement of financial, material, laborand other resources of a private partner, the division between public and private partners of risks and responsibilities. The purpose of the article is to study the Russian practice of using PPP in the utility and energy sector in the context of analyzingthe results achieved, identifying current problems and challenges. The methodological basis of the study was made up of general scientific research methods (observation, description, synthesis, analysis, historical and logical methods). The author defines and analyzes the achieved results of the use of PPP in the utility and energy sector of Russia, from 2016 to the present. This made it possible to identify relevant legal, organizational, economic and financial problems related to this process and to propose ways to solve them based on joint actions and efforts of the partnership participants. The author also highlights production, technological, managerial and economic challenges in the development of the utility and energy sector of Russia on the basis of PPP. The materials of the conducted research can be used in the development and implementation of management decisions to ensure the effective development of the utility and energy sector of Russia with the use of PPP.
Keywords: utility and energy sector, housing and communal services, public-private partnership, PPP, project, concession agreement, partner, state, business Highlights: ♦ the increased need to prevent a crisis in the utility and energy sector of our country, supported by a radical change in the current legislation in this area, led to the expansion of the practice of implementing utility and energy PPP projects and, as a result, strengtheningtheir leading positions in the Russian PPP market; ♦ the success of the use of PPP in the utility and energy sector of Russia is largely associated with a comprehensive and high-quality solution by the partnership participants of a wide range of problems, among which the most relevant are legal, organizational, economic and financial ones; ♦ the development of the utility and energy sector of Russia on the basis of PPP creates new challenges that are directly related to the activities of the state, industrial enterprises, information technology companies and act as new opportunities in the effective functioning of this sphere.

Email:	shorlM@volsu.ru
Сведения:	Inna M. Shor - Volgograd State University, Volgograd, Russia

MANAGEMENT AND BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

Evdokimov N.N.

Portfolio approach to the management of scientific and technical developments of the university

Abstract One of the key limitations of improving the effectiveness of innovative activities of universities is the imperfection of management tools and mechanisms applied. This is due to many reasons, including a small number of specialized and adapted management technologies for higher education. The article substantiates the expediency of applying a portfolio approach to the management of scientific and technical developments of the university, formulates its main parameters taking into account peculiarities of the organization of higher education, and also suggests possible criteria for classifying innovative developments that make up the portfolio.
Keywords: portfolio approach, university, innovation, scientific and technical developments, "Priority 2030", commercialization Highlights: ♦ the portfolio approach is appropriate and effective for the management of scientific and technical developments of the university; ♦ the parameters of the portfolio approach and the methodology for assessing the potential of scientific and technical developments of the university are mutually dependent; ♦ the main applicable criteria for classifying innovative developments in the portfolio are: levels of technology readiness, types of expected end result from commercialization of development and expected deadlines for the implementation of an innovative project.

Email:	Nickelsyz@list.ru
Сведения:	Nikolay N. Evdokimov - Samara State University of Economics, Samara, Russia

101

Kharitonova D.V.

Changing the degree of suppliers` influence in the value chains

Abstract In the article, the author examines the dependence of the influence of suppliers and their position in the value chain. From the point of view of the institutional framework the model of five competitive forces is taken. In this model, one of the competitive forces is a dependence degree on suppliers. In the course of the import substitution policy, which is beingactively implemented at present, the issue of suppliers` influence is of particular relevance. The author hypothesizes that depending on the stage of the value chain where the supplier is located, the degree of its influence on the manufacturer may change. The research used such methods as analysis of domestic and foreign literature, deduction, generalization and graphical representation of the research results. The conclusions are made that when analyzing the degree of supplier influence on production, it is impossible to rely solely on the position it occupies in the value chain.
Keywords: suppliers, supplier influence, influence change, value chain, stage Highlights: ♦ suppliers act as one of the key actors influencing producers; ♦ the extent of suppliers` influence is not directly related to their position in the value chain; ♦ further research and development of a methodology to assess the extent of suppliers` influence in the value chain is needed.

Email:	daria.july@bk.ru
Сведения:	Daria V. Kharitonova - Samara State University of Economics, Samara, Russia

109

WORLD ECONOMY

REGIONAL AND SECTORAL ECONOMY

MANAGEMENT AND BUSINESS MANAGEMENT