Вестник Самарского государственного экономического университета

Вестник самарского государственного экономического университета
Vestnik of Samara State University of Economics

2024 №10 (240)

ECONOMIC THEORY

Rudavka N. V.

Conceptual characteristics of innovative digital transformations in the domestic economic system

Abstract. Based on the systematization of conceptual provisions, it was established that innovative digital transformations of the economic system are directly related to the evolution of the transition to a new technological order due to structural changes in the industry subsystem based on the introduction of information and communication technologies ensuring the formation of new sectoral and functional structures of business entities. In order to assess trends of the digitalization, dynamics of the development of technological indicators is determined allowing to identify the key areas of transformation of economic activity. The leading subsystems of the digital economy are characterized that have a direct impact on the optimization of sectoral transformations in accordance with the specifics of creating a single information business space. As a result of this research, the author concludes that the digital transformation processes create prerequisites to improve the production and technological sector of the economy by establishing close interactions with the research field.
Keywords: innovative digital transformations, economic system, sectoral and functional structures, digital economy. Hightlightts: - innovative digital changes are system-forming elements that activate the network and information space and are associated with the production, distribution, exchange and consumption of information technologies and applied products; - the result of the development of the digital sector are technologies, goods and services that provide a symbiosis of new opportunities for both the economic system as a whole and its sectoral subsystems; - in the context of transformative trends, the level of introduction of information and communication technologies contributes to the development of knowledge-intensive and high-tech industries or functional modification of the real sector, which ensures the reproduction of an economic system on a qualitatively new basis of functioning.

Email:	rydavka.natali@mail.ru
Сведения:	Natalia V. Rudavka - Bryansk State Technical University, E3ryansk, Russia

WORLD ECONOMY

Savenkov L.D.

Assessment of the dynamics of steel production by countries of the world based on their grouping

Abstract. Steel productionhas come to play a major role in the modern economy. Steel is a resource that is fundamental to the functioning of any nation. This is a basis of the dynamics of the development of the steel industry in various countries of the world on the basis of grouping. The methodology includes analysis of financial indicators, statistical methods (logarithm, standardization, cluster analysis), as well as the use of Dunn Index method to select the number of clusters. The purpose of the work is to conduct a cluster analysis of steel producing countries and identify steel production trends in these countries from 2016 to 2023. The results of groupings carried out using cluster analysis based on the results of producing countries starting in 2023 allow us to obtain five groups with different characteristics. Based on an assessment of the dynamic change in the position of steel-producing countries within the groups obtained during the cluster analysis, the study makes a forecast of their further movement from group to group.
Keywords: metallurgical complex, steel industry, world steel production, grouping, cluster analysis, k-means clustering method. Hightlightts: - steel plays an important role in the modern economy and the development of modern society; - global steel production is constantly growing, over the period 1950-2022 steel production increased by 9.97 times; - in the process of conducting a cluster analysis of steel-producing countries, based on data for 2019 and 2023, 5 groups of steel-producing countries with corresponding characteristics were identified; - based on the assessment, the logistics of the transition of steel-producing countries from one group to another has been determined.

Email:	leonidsavenkov89@yandex.ru
Сведения:	Leonid D. Savenkov - Togliatty State University, Togliatty, Russia

REGIONAL AND SECTORAL ECONOMY

Dudov A. Yu.

Analysis of the strategic balance sheet of the transportation industry of the DPR

Abstract. Maintaining the strategic balance of the regional transportation system is a necessary condition for its competitiveness and existence. In this context, it is necessary to forecast the situation by identifying both the growth points of the industry and its bottlenecks. The purpose of the article is to analyze the positive and negative aspects of the development of the transport industry in the DPR in terms of its impact on the socio-economic level of development of the region. In accordance with this goal, such tasks are set as defining the concepts of "growth" and "regression" of the transport industry as variables for analysis, revealing their economic and social content, constructing a characteristic of growth-regression of the transport industry with the assignment of unique indices, a summary table of the relationship of variables, determining the zone of success of the implementation of industry growth, and justifying the need the need to adjust the strategic balance. The research method was an advanced SWOT analysis in the form of strategic balance analysis, which establishes the correlation between individual growth and regression variables of the industry. This method includes expert scoring, matrix and graphical approaches to display the results, adapted regression risk tolerance ratios. As a result, the strategic framework of the transport industry of the DPR was modeled by the graphical method on the basis of calculations of its current state and target state, and the level of strategic balance of the industry was assessed.
Keywords: transportation industry, strategic balance, in-depth SWOT analysis, industry growth and regression, strategic framework, threats and risks of the industry. Hightlightts: - on the basis of open sources of information, the regional research base, the characterization of the strategic industry balance was formed on the parameters of "growth-regression"; - as a result of calculating the rank of each index by the expert point method the insignificant positive strategic balance of the transportation industry was revealed on the basis of the prevalence of growth factors; - a summary correlation matrix of indices by "growth-regression" parameters was calculated; - the level of success of growth strategy realization was determined as unstable, which correlates with the subsequent indicators of realization coefficients and the ratio of expected and unexpected risks; - the strategic balance of the investigated industry requires improvement in the future.

Email:	alexalexdudilo@gmail.com
Сведения:	Aleksei Yu. Dudov - Donetsk State University, Donetsk, Russia

Zotikov N.Z.

Decentralization of tax revenue as a necessary condition for regional development

Abstract. Currently, the most controversial issue is the issue of ensuring the optimal distribution of powers and finances between various budgets of the budget system, which raises the issue of establishing the optimal level of financial decentralization. The latter involves creating incentives for authorities to effectively use the tax potential of territories by increasing the motivation of economic agents to develop entrepreneurial activities. The prospects for the development of regional and municipal economies and the social sphere largely depend on the amount of tax revenue credited to their budgets, reflecting the degree to which the tax potential of the territories is realized. The research object is the current tax system. The purpose of the study is to identify the impact of the existing level of centralization of tax revenues on the state of regional and local budgets and the development of territories.. The research hypothesis is that increasing the socio-economic development of regions through the effective development of their tax potential is possible only with a moderately decentralized system of distribution of tax revenues. The research methods include analysis and synthesis, grouping, generalization, the method of studying phenomena in dynamics, tabular, etc. Based on official data from Rosstat, the Ministry of Finance, the Federal Tax Service, the scale of centralization of tax revenues in the country as a whole and in the context of federal districts is considered. The study substantiates the need for decentralization of tax revenues, and proposes options for decentralization, in particular, by establishing standards for VAT deductions to regional budgets. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that its results can be used in the practical activities of government authorities when carrying out tax and budget policy.
Keywords: fiscal federalism, decentralization, federal taxes, regional taxes, consolidated budget of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, budget deficit, interbudgetary transfers. Hightlightts: - the Russian tax-budget system is characterized by a high degree of centralization of tax revenues, more than 80% of the tax revenues of the Russian Federation tax and budget system are generated from federal taxes; - the own incomes of regions and municipalities do not correspond to the amount of their expenses; - Russia is characterized by uneven distribution of tax potential across its territories; - establishing an optimal balance between centralization and decentralization of budget funds becomes relevant; the current distribution of taxes across the levels of the budget system does not correspond to the principle of fairness.

Email:	Zotikovcontrol@yandex.ru
Сведения:	Nikolay Z. Zotikov - Chuvash State University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Cheboksary, Russia

LyubakovA.A.

Selecting the most prioritized region for promoting products or services in search engines through semantic scoring using statistical methods

Abstract. The article proposes a scoring model for ranking search queries. To conduct the scoring, coefficients for query popularity, commercial intent, and competitiveness are introduced. Popularity is assessed based on basic and phrase frequency over the past 24 months. Commercial intent or commercialization of the query is evaluated based on the projected budget in "Yandex.Direct" and the cost per click. Competitiveness is assessed based on the number of documents for the query, the number of main pages involved in ranking for the query, the number of Title tags containing the query`s keyword, and the number of words in the query. Through this scoring method, SEO optimizers and entrepreneurs can identify business areas and/or regions that can ensure maximum economic results.
Keywords: semantic core, SEO, Internet marketing, search engine marketing, statistical methods in marketing. Hightlightts: - the primary objective of this study is to identify queries that have the highest economic potential from the perspective of search engine marketing: those that exhibit high popularity and commercial intent while maintaining relatively low competitiveness; - as a result, the article presents an analytical scoring model of the semantic core, employing statistical methods to normalize heterogeneous data sets.

Email:	alex@lyubakov.ru
Сведения:	Alexander A. Lyubakov - Samara State University of Economics, Samara, Russia

MANAGEMENT AND BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

Abrashkina S.N., Troshina E.P.

The strategy of enterprise development in the conditions of crisis on the example of Samara food industry production enterprises

Abstract. The article presents an analysis of the food industry for the production of bakery products in the Samara region. The paper describes in detail the condition of one of the enterprises in the industry. Using his example, the most effective strategic tools are considered that allow the food industry enterprise to get out of a crisis or pre-bankruptcy state.
Keywords: food industry, strategy, crisis, strategic tools, financial condition of the enterprise, effective. functioning Hightlightts: - a study of the activities of enterprises producing bakery products in the Samara region has been conducted; - on the example of one of the plants (JSC "Samara Bakery No. 5"), the peculiarities of the functioning of the enterprise in the crisis conditions are revealed; - threats, opportunities, weaknesses and strengths of the enterprise that have influenced its activities have been identified; - tools have been selected to help minimize the negative consequences of crises and environmental instability for food industry enterprises; - the mechanism of the enterprise`s exit from the crisis is proposed.

Email:	abrashkina.sweta@yandex.ru; e-troshina@yandex.ru
Сведения:	Svetlana N. Abrashkina, Elena P. Troshina - Samara State University of Economics, Samara, Russia

Ivanov IN., Orlova L. V.

About the production potential of small and medium-sized businesses

Abstract. The current state of domestic small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs), including manufacturing businesses, is considered; the main areas of activity are shown. The main difficulties and risks to which small and medium-sized businesses are exposed were identified. It is noted that, despite the above-mentioned problems and risks, there has been no sharp deterioration in the position of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the market. It is recommended to use the experience of overcoming relevant problems in countries that, along with Russia, are experiencing the sanctions pressure. The need for more effective implementation of the national project "Small and Medium Enterprises and Support for Individual Entrepreneurial Initiatives" is noted, as well as closer cooperation between SMEs and large businesses. The need for organizing targeted training at the country`s universities of personnel for organizing production activities in small and medium-sized businesses is emphasized.
Keywords: production potential, small and medium-sized businesses, problems and risks, cooperation with large businesses, personnel training. Highlights: - the assessment of the current situation in the field of small and medium-sized enterprises in Russia is given; - the place of the manufacturing sector in the structure of SMEs is shown; - the problems and risks experienced by SMEs are outlined; - the experience of other countries in overcoming the relevant problems and risks is presented; - recommendations on more effective use of the provisions of the project "Small and medium-sized en-trepreneurship and support for individual entrepreneurial initiative" are proposed; - the importance of cooperation between SMEs and enterprises and organizations of large business was emphasized; - the necessity of targeted training for SME companies, including for the manufacturing sector of these companies, is substantiated.

Email:	ivanov-igor-nik@mail.ru; lorlo@mail.ru
Сведения:	Igor N. Ivanov, Lyubov V. Orlova - State University of Management, Moscow, Russia

Patonova A.V.

Complex assessment method of innovative activity of aircraft building enterprises

Abstract. The article investigates the authorial complex assessment method of innovative activity of aircraft building enterprises. To implement the developed methodology, a model is proposed that reflects the dependence of the integral indicator of innovative activity on specific evaluation criteria. Creating such a model was provided through calculation and analysis of key indicators according to statements of PJSC «OAC». Based on the results obtained, the use of assessment method of innovative activity of aircraft building enterprises is recommended to create conditions for the further development of innovative activity at the level of the domestic aviation industry, including at the regional level.. The author`s methodology enables a comprehensive assessment of factors of innovative activity, the main innovative potential blocks, target value of integral indicator of innovative activity and forecasts of the particular criteria value, that is necessary and sufficient to achieve the target value of integral indicator of innovative activity of the domestic aircraft industry.
Keywords: aircraft building enterprises, complex assessment, innovative activity, integral indicator, innovative potential, modeling. Highlights: - existing approaches to assessing the innovative activity are related to many facets of understanding this category by the component composition; - the authorial grouping of innovative activity indicators of aircraft building enterprises is designed to the component composition; - acrarding to author`s methodology the integral indicator of innovative activity of aircraft building enterprises is estimated on the example of PJSC «OAC»; based on constructed model the author makes a conclusion about the nature of the dependence of the integral indicator of innovative activity and the particular criteria.

Email:	altnutachko@mail.ru
Сведения:	Anna V. Platonova - Ulyanovsk State University, Ulyanovsk, Russia

Khairuina A.D.

Risk intelligence: on the issue of its formation in the conditions of managers` training

Abstract. This research investigates the phenomenon of "risk intelligence" and mechanisms of its formation in the process of managers` training. The purpose of this research is to study approaches to the development and propose a model for the development of risk-oriented thinking (risk intelligence) in the process of managers` training for the market environment. The practical value of the study lies in the attempt to find an approach to training managers with risk intelligence for the Russian economy. The model developed by the author for developing risk-oriented thinking (risk intelligence) among managers will improve the efficiency of risk management in the business environment and beyond.
Keywords: risk-oriented thinking, risk intelligence, risk management, risk identification, risk analysis, risk assessment, risk mitigation. Hightlightts: - the uncertainty of the operating environment of organizations today requires managers to introduce the concept of "risk intelligence" and the ability to form and measure it; - risk intelligence has both a psychological and methodological nature, and the latter can be developed in the process of managers` training; - risk-oriented thinking means the knowledge and ability of a manager to make scientifically based risk decisions; - the author`s algorithm for the formation of risk behavior of a manager involves the use of appropriate risk management tools.

Email:	halbi@mail.ru
Сведения:	Albina D. Khairullina - Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia

ECONOMIC THEORY

WORLD ECONOMY

REGIONAL AND SECTORAL ECONOMY

MANAGEMENT AND BUSINESS MANAGEMENT