Application of inter-industry balance in the context of digitalization and global challenges: global and Russian experience
Abstract. The article investigates modern practices of applying the input-output model (interindustry balance) in the context of digitalization and global challenges, such as deglobalization, sanctions, and climate change. It explores the historical context of the input-output model, its evolution, and current trends in global and Russian practices. Special attention is given to the role of new technologies (blockchain, loT, Al digital twins) in implementing dynamic input-output models. Using the example of a manufacturing enterprise, the architecture of a system enabling operational planning and the protection of national interests is presented. The study identifies challenges and risks of implementation, as well as prospects for further research to scale the approach to industry and regional levels.
Keywords: interindustry balance, digitalization, dynamic models, blockchain, loT, Al, digital twins, deglobalization, sanctions, economic planning, national interests.
Highlights:
- a theoretical and methodological basis for the application of dynamic intersectoral balance in the context of digitalization has been developed, including the transition from static to dynamic models using block-chain, loT, Al and digital twins technologies, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency and accuracy of economic planning in the face of global challenges;
- the architecture of the dynamic intersectoral balance system for the microlevel has been formed, providing integration of loT sensors for real-time data collection, blockchain networks for transparency, Al modules for forecasting and digital twins for scenario modeling, which contributes to anti-crisis management in an enterprise under sanctions;
- the work substantiates the adaptation of the intersectoral balance to Russian conditions through digitalization based on a comparative analysis of international experience, which made it possible to identify the advantages and limitations of using intersectoral balance in the USA, EU, China and Russia, as well as to propose integration with digital platforms such as the Rosstat Data Center to improve planning efficiency;
- an approach to scaling the dynamic intersectoral balance to regional and international levels is proposed, includingthe creation of common digital balances within the EAEU, which increases the stability of the region`s economy and protects national interests in the context of deglobalization and geopolitical instability;
- the risks of introducing a dynamic intersectoral balance, including data scarcity, high computing costs and the need for infrastructure investments, have been identified and systematized, and measures to minimize them, such as the development of data collection technologies and interagency interaction, have been proposed.
Alexandr M. Kolesnikov, Viktoria N. Khurgina - St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Saint Petersburg, Russia