Вестник Самарского государственного экономического университета

Вестник самарского государственного экономического университета
Vestnik of Samara State University of Economics

2020 №5 (187)

ECONOMIC THEORY

Balashov A.M

EXPERIENCE OF BUILDING A SOCIAL STATE OF L. ERHARD AND THE RELEVANCE OF ITS USE IN MODERN RUSSIA

The actualization of social factors in the development of the economy is now increasingly recognized, first of all, as the potential for economic growth, products competitiveness increasing and ensuring social and economic stability of society. Therefore, this article examines the German experience of building a “social market economy”, implemented in practice by L. Erhard. The theory of “social market economy” was based on the principle of social orientation of the market and carried out under the slogan “Welfare for everyone”. A special system of social protection was created for the population, a number of measures were taken to reduce taxation, strengthen the stability of the currency and encourage companies exporting finished products, which made it possible to triple exports. The reform was accompanied by a reduction in prices, which was due to the saturation of the market and the development of free competition, which was supported by the adoption of laws prohibiting arbitrary price increases. This model has shown its dynamism and effectiveness, its huge scientific and practical potential has allowed post-war Germany to become a leader in the world economic and political arena, as well as to coordinate the interaction of the market, social sphere and the state. In nowadays Russia a study of the German experience confirms the need to build a social state in Russia, the development of free, fair competition, increase of social responsibility of business and government, and increase of civil society’s role in the economy and politics of the state, the potential of the individual through education and the growing importance of social mobility and the welfare of the population.
Keywords:social state, welfare, entrepreneurship, competition, economic growth, digitalization, smart city, digital human capital, new business systems, interaction with consumers and partners. Highlights: ♦ the concept of social market economy of L. Erhard provides for the conscious construction of a competitive market mechanism by introducing clear legislation, a rational foreign economic policy, and significant labor and social guarantees for the population; ♦ improving the level of economic and business management is particularly important in the context of digitalization, when combined efforts are needed to increase competitiveness and reduce the price of products; ♦ to achieve a higher level of income in the national economy, it is necessary not only to develop the digital economy, but also to increase investments in modern production technologies, in “smart” infrastructure, focused on the needs of the population, both in the center and in the regions.

Email:	Ltha1@yandex.ru
Сведения:	Alexey M. Balashov, Candidate of Economics, Associate Professor of the Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University.

REGIONAL ECONOMICS

Dadykin V.S., Dadykina O.V.

METHOD OF VARIABLE MODELING OF GEOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF SOLID MINERAL OBJECTS

In the Russian Federation, issues of mining and consumption of mineral resources have a direct impact on the socio-economic condition of the state. Moreover, the scale of production and consumption of raw materials is constantly growing, while the reserves of deposits are not unlimited and non-renewable, which can lead to a sharp deterioration in the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the state of the mineral resource base. Currently, researchers are increasingly focused on the need for a high-quality geological and economic assessment of objects. The results of the assessment, in fact, depend not only on the decision on the prospects of a particular subsurface object, but also on the overall effect of exploration on the subsurface area for budgets of various levels, the income of employees of a mining enterprise that produces on this site, and the environmental load within the radius of influence of the mineral resource object. Due to the existence of different approaches to the geological and economic assessment of objects, it is necessary to thoroughly study them, evaluate their reliability and efficiency at specific objects. The purpose of this article is to develop a methodology for variable modeling of the geological and economic assessment of solid mineral objects using software tools.
Keywords: geological and economic assessment, net discounted profit, modeling of field development, testing of reserves. Highlights: ♦ the essence of variable modeling of geological and economic assessment in this case is that the development of a feasibility study of exploration and operational conditions is recommended to be carried out in at least two variants, conventionally called basic and commercial; ♦ in terms of the basic option, the potential balance field reserves are estimated, while the commercial assessment determines the part of them that can be worked out in the current economic conditions with an acceptable effect for the subsurface user; ♦ as a result of the research, it was also possible to perform a geological and economic assessment of promising mineral resources in the Bryansk region.

Email:	dadykin88@bk.ru, atamanova_281287@mail.ru
Сведения:	Valeriy S. Dadykin, Doctor of Economics, Professor; Olga V. Dadykina, Candidate of Economics, Associate Professor - Bryansk State Technical University.

Bessonov I.S., Koroleva E.N.

SPATIAL POTENTIAL OF SMALL ENTERPRISES: ESSENCE AND METHODOLOGICAL BASES OF IMPLEMENTATION

The article reveals the essence of the spatial potential of small enterprises: the author’s definition is given, structural characteristics are characterized, and the possibility of using it as a tool for managing the regional economy is justified. Methodical bases of spatial potential implementation of small enterprises at the regional (subject of Federation) and sub-regional levels are developed, which allows on the basis of specific features of regional development to produce a “fine-tuning” region economic policies.
Keywords: region, regional economy, spatial potential, small enterprise, small business, spatial development, sub-region, regional policy. Highlights: ♦ the spatial potential of small enterprises is defined by the authors as the total implementable and potentially achievable level of entrepreneurial abilities implementation of local community residents, formalized as the activity of small enterprises regardless of their organizational and legal form, considered in the unevenness of its distribution and taking into account the forms of territorial concentration; ♦ it is proposed to consider the spatial potential of small enterprises as a tool for managing regional development, which will allow small enterprises to become an important subsystem of the regional economy, defining a different model of development from other territories and successfully implementing economic, innovative and social potentials in its composition according to the basic prerequisites and its unique features; ♦ a methodology for implementing the spatial potential of small businesses in the region (subject of the Russian Federation) has been developed. Its application will allow for a spatially differentiated approach to management, taking into account the practicability of applying specific measures for the development of small businesses at various levels of the regional system.

Email:	igornews@rambler.ru, korol388@mail.ru
Сведения:	Igor S. Bessonov, Applicant at the Department of Regional Economics and Management; Elena N. Koroleva, Doctor of Economics, Professor - Samara State University of Economics.

ECONOMICS, ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONS, BRANCHES, COMPLEXES

Agafonova A.N., Yahneeva I.V.

APPLYING THE CONCEPT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN LOGISTICS

The main problems of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the logistics business is not widely covered in public reports of companies, in scientific research and market reviews. However, nowadays, this area rises the issues of business ethics, rational use of resources and environmental protection. CSR policy in logistics subsystems has a clearly defined functional approach and is implemented mainly by multinational companies and large logistics operators. The development of the Russian logistics market requires managers to understand the strategic priority of business sustainability. The purpose of the study is to determine the factors of sustainable logistics, conditions for effective implementation of CSR principles in logistics and supply chain management. The study of methodological prerequisites and industry experience allowed us to formulate practical recommendations for the development of CSR programs in the field of logistics.
Keywords: corporate social responsibility, supply chain management, green logistics, sustainable development. Highlights: ♦ theoretical provisions of logistics and supply chain management based on the concept of business sustainability are formulated; ♦ the goals and components of the corporate social responsibility policy in logistics are defined; ♦ the conditions for effective implementation of CSR principles and factors of sustainable logistics are identified.

Email:	agaff@mail.ru, rinadoo@yahoo.com
Сведения:	Anna N. Agafonova, Candidate of Economics, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Marketing, Logistics and Advertising; Irina V. Yahneeva, Doctor of Economics, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Marketing, Logistics and Advertising - Samara State University of Economics.

Akzambekkyzy A.

NECESSARY ORGANIZATIONAL PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROCESSES TO CREATE PERFECT AND INFLUENTIAL PROJECTS

A project is considered successful if it brings benefits to the performing organization and fully meets the interests and requirements of all interested parties. However, the very concept of project success is interpreted in different ways in the literature and does not always fully disclose the benefits of these projects. Uncertainty in understanding the success and failure of the project has led to a large number of theories on achieving “perfection” in projects. Perfect, influential, great projects are defined as projects that have made a significant contribution to the development of their industry and the economy as a whole. The purpose of this study is to create a framework for achieving excellence in projects through project management processes that can be defined by the criteria of perfect projects. The research includes analysis, comparison and selection of project management linking processes defined through the characteristics of great projects and SFMPQ criteria for developing perfect projects. For project teams, recommendations are given on how to not only complete the project by achieving the set goal, but also how to try to bring the project to perfection by focusing on certain project management processes.
Keywords: successful project, success, project, great projects, influential projects, SFMPQ, project management processes, project characteristics. Highlights: ♦ a review of publications on perfect, great and influential projects; ♦ relationships between the characteristics and criteria of great and perfect projects are established; ♦ the main processes of project management that form perfect projects are defined.

Email:	akzambekkyzy@mail.ru
Сведения:	Akbota Akzambekkyzy, postdoctoral student of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan.

Vahrameev R.A., Tolmachev M.N., Afanasiev V.N.

USING A NEURAL NETWORK TO FORECAST PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The article raises the problem of sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation. The overall positive assessments of experts regarding the development of the domestic agro-industrial complex under the influence of the sanctions effect may in fact be less optimistic in the long term, which makes it necessary to conduct additional monitoring of the current situation, including through the use of statistical methods of in-depth analysis in order to obtain reliable estimates for the subject under consideration. Based on the developed original approach to the formation of an integral indicator for assessing the state of the agro-industrial complex, it is proposed to forecast its changes by using neural networks. Step-by-step forecasting using neural networks helped to develop a test case for predicting future system responses based on previous behavior. This study proved the success of neural network methods as a self-sufficient tool for analyzing and predicting the dynamics of changes in the state of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation and studying the sustainability of its development. At the same time, based on the proposed methodology for assessing the sustainability of the agro-industrial complex, it is possible to predict the values of variables that are reference indicators in the process of making various management decisions. In addition, the developed model of forecasting using a neural network can serve as a model for applying and forecasting other economic indicators.
Keywords: agro-industrial complex, a neural network model architecture, simulation modeling, neural network, forecasting, forecast scenarios, radial basis function, sanction restrictions, integral indicator of the agro-industrial complex state assessment, the sustainability of agro-industrial complex development. Highlights: ♦ based on the results of the program calculation, the RBF architecture 38:38-8-1:1 was recognized as the best type of model, the structural scheme of this model is given; ♦ the implementation of forecast variants of events (optimistic, realistic, pessimistic) on the basis of the obtained model confirmed the general trend of recent years: the deterioration of the agroindustrial complex state of the Russian Federation and the weakening of its stability in the near future; ♦ forecasting methods based on neural networks, along with traditional methods, can be successfully used in forecasting systems of a wide range.

Email:

vakhrameevr@gmail.com, tolmachev-mike@yandex.ru, vafanassyev@gmail.com

Сведения:

Roman A. Vakhrameev, Applicant of the Department of Statistics and Econometrics at Samara State University of Economics; Mikhail N. Tolmachev, Doctor of Economics, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Accounting, Analysis and Audit of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow; Vladimir N. Afanasiev, Doctor of Economics, Professor, Head of the Department of Statistics and Econometrics of Orenburg State University.

Katina N.I.

PURCHASE OF FOOD PRODUCTS FOR STATE CUSTOMERS WITH THE PARTICIPATION OF A REGIONAL WHOLESALE AND DISTRIBUTION CENTER

The article is devoted to the creation of a network of wholesale distribution centers (hereinafter -WDC) in the Russian Federation. The concept of the WDC is given, the concept of the WDC location, the current state and plans for the construction of the WDC up to 2024, and state support for the WDC are considered. The necessity of creating a regional wholesale and distribution center of the Samara region in order to form a unified regional food policy for providing state institutions with food products is substantiated. It is proposed to purchase food products for state customers with the participation of a regional wholesale and distribution center.
Keywords: food security, regional food policy, regional wholesale and distribution center, procurements, contract system, food products, agricultural producer. Highlights: ♦ the basic scheme of the WDC placement is analyzed; ♦ shortcomings of the existing procedure for providing state customers with food products have been identified; ♦ a conceptual scheme for purchasing food products to provide state customers with the participation of WDC is proposed.

Email:	nk1464@mail.ru
Сведения:	Natalia I. Katina, post-graduate student of the Department of Economics and Organization of Agroindustrial Production of the Samara State University of Economics.

Kirillova L.K.

MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS IN THE INDUSTRIAL MARKET: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

The relevance of this topic is related to the specifics of communication activities in the industrial market and the search for solutions to improve its effectiveness. The study reflects the content aspects of the communication tools of industrial market entities. The purpose of the study is to identify the most effective tools for industrial communications from personal sales, direct marketing, sales promotion, and exhibition activities. The potential of the exhibition as a tool for expanding the clients amount and maintaining a stable positive image was revealed. The issues of planning participation in the exhibition in the form of an algorithm of actions are considered. Methods of evaluating the communication effect of participation in the exhibition are suggested.
Keywords: marketing, industrial marketing, communication activities, exhibitions, personal sales, direct marketing, communication effect. Highlights: ♦ the features of communication activities in the industrial market are revealed; ♦ the most important tools for marketing communications are identified; ♦ methods for determining the effect of communication activities are summarized; ♦ recommendations on the organization of exhibition activities for industrial market participants are offered.

Email:	kirillova.sseu@mail.ru
Сведения:	Larisa K. Kirillova, Candidate of Economics, Associate Professor of the Department of Marketing, Logistics and Advertising at Samara State University of Economics.

Merinov M.V., Pavlova A.V., Khairullina A.D.

FEATURES OF ORGANIZATION EFFECTIVENESS MANAGEMENT AT THE STAGES OF ITS LIFE CYCLE

The article deals with the problem of managing the effectiveness of an organization at the stages of its life cycle, which is relevant for any company. The authors conducted an empirical study based on correlation analysis in order to determine the factors that have the greatest impact on the effectiveness of the organization at different stages of its life cycle. The novelty of the work is due to the fact that despite a fairly deep theoretical base on the concept of the life cycle, this topic is represented by a small number of empirical studies using economic and mathematical methods, especially in terms of effectiveness management. As a result, the most important indicators for each stage of the life cycle are identified, as well as tools for improving the effectiveness management system are proposed.
Keywords: organization life cycle, organization efficiency, performance management, return on equity, correlation analysis. Highlights: ♦ correlation analysis allows us to determine with sufficient accuracy the factors that affect the effectiveness of the organization at different stages of its life cycle; ♦ return on equity is used as the resulting variable that determines the effectiveness of the organization; ♦ at various stages of the enterprise’s life cycle, the factors that affect its efficiency also change.

Email:

930895@list.ru

Сведения:

Maxim V. Merinov, graduate student of the Institute of Management, Economics and Finance of Kazan Federal University; Adeliya V. Pavlova, Doctor of Economics, Vice-chansellor of Scientific Work, Professor of the Department of Applied Management, Samara State Economic University; Albina D. Khairullina, Candidate of Economics, Associate Professor of general management of the Institute of Management, Economics and Finance, Associate Professor of the MBA Program of the Kazan Federal University.

Smirnova S.B.

NECESSITY AND ECONOMIC ESSENCE OF AN ENTREPRENEURIAL UNIVERSITY

In a knowledge-based society, universities are increasingly seen as initiators of local development, as they can play a key role not only in the production of knowledge, but also in its dissemination and use for commercial purposes. However, universities ` commitment to economic and social progress should not be limited to capitalizing on knowledge, since universities can act as local agents that must build entrepreneurial capital by promoting entrepreneurial thinking, actions, and institutions. This factor is considered even more important, since the availability of entrepreneurial opportunities can affect local development to a greater extent than, for example, the availability of natural or financial resources. Thus, the new mission of the entrepreneurial university should be aimed at promoting social development and economic growth, going beyond the traditional tasks of research and teaching. The number of studies of entrepreneurial universities has steadily increased over the years, but scientists agree that if a university is to be developed in the direction of an entrepreneurial model, it must radically change its strategy. Without a clearly defined strategy, a university cannot make a contribution that is relevant to the goals of society and the economy. The paper analyzes the development of the concept of an entrepreneurial university in Russia and abroad, and provides additions to the concept that involve students in the activities of a university of this type. We also offer a set of characteristics that allow us to evaluate the university’s activity in terms of business activity.
Keywords:entrepreneurial university, knowledge economy, innovation, academic model, commercialization of research, educational organization, online programs, technologies. Highlights: ♦ the new mission of the university should be aimed at promoting social development and economic growth, going beyond the traditional tasks of research and teaching; ♦ most universities are at the stage of transition from the Humboldt model (second generation) to the entrepreneurial university model; ♦ definitions of the concept of “entrepreneurial university" are plentiful, and there is no agreement on a comprehensive model of what it is exactly; ♦ the author offers a set of characteristics that allows us to assess the entrepreneurial activity of the university in order to build activities on the way to becoming a third-generation university.

Email:	smirnova_sb@bk.ru
Сведения:	Svetlana B. Smirnova, Applicant of the Samara State University of Economics.

ACCOUNTING, STATISTICS

Potasheva O.N., Korneeva T.A.

FORMATION OF NON-FINANCIAL REPORTING: INTERNATIONAL AND RUSSIAN PRACTICE

The article examines the views of foreign and domestic scientists on the problems and methods of forming non-financial reporting, and assesses the situation in the field of its formation and presentation by Russian companies. The authors conducted a comparative analysis of non-financial reporting standards, which resulted in a conclusion about the differences in approaches and methods of forming indicators of non-financial reporting provided by the standards. In the study authors proposed a structure of non-financial report, which includes the following sections: management structure of the company, characteristics of activities, a description of its applied business model, details of the disclosure and the statement on compliance with the levels of confidence. The use of this structure will allow business entities to increase the transparency of non-financial reporting.
Keywords: non-financial reporting, environmental reporting, integrated reporting, strategic reporting, transparency, sustainable development, annual report, social policy, environmental reporting, international standard for integrated reporting. Highlights: ♦ the views of foreign and domestic scientists on the problems and methods of forming non financial reporting are studied; ♦ an assessment of the current situation in the field of formation and presentation of non financial reports by Russian companies is given; ♦ the standards of information disclosure in non-financial reporting applied in foreign practice are analyzed; ♦ features of presentation of non-financial information typical for Russian business entities are revealed; ♦ a set of methods for disclosing non-financial information has been developed. It can be used as the basis for a standard for presenting information in non-financial reporting in order to increase the transparency of information and its usefulness.

Email:	olgakuzmina0212@gmail.com, korneeva2004@bk.ru
Сведения:	Olga N. Potasheva, Candidate of Economics, Associate Professor; Tatyana A. Korneeva, Doctor of Economics, Professor - Samara State University of Economics.

LABOR ECONOMICS

Shchekoldin V.A., Bogatyreva I.V., Ilyukhina L.A.

OPTIMIZATION OF LABOR COST STANDARDS FOR WORKERS IN HARDWARE PRODUCTION

The article presents the results of a study aimed at determining the optimal number of workers engaged in hardware production in multi-unit service conditions, using the theory of queuing. Questions of applying the theory of queuing in the rationing of workers in mechanical engineering are reflected in the literature. As a rule, all of them are considered as systems with waiting for service, i.e. “lossless” systems. The relevance and novelty of the research are in the fact that based on the requirements of technology and statistical characteristics of the service process, the type of system - the system with losses - is justified using the appropriate mathematical apparatus of the queuing theory. The task is formulated as follows: it is necessary to determine the numerical composition of the team of remelters, which provides under normal conditions of operation of the furnaces the least probability of delay in performing the main operations for servicing the group of furnaces. In this case, the minimum probability of delay in performing the next operation can be taken as a criterion for the efficiency of the service system. This task is complex, multi-variant, and requires the use of mathematical methods. The authors presented a methodology for using the queuing theory to develop optimal population norms based on the example of alloy melting processes in gas reflecting furnaces, and the results of calculations of indicators for the functioning of the service system for melting furnaces by a team of workers in multi-unit service conditions.
Keywords: queueing theory, rationing of labor, multi-component services, rate of population, the criterion of optimality. Highlights: ♦ features of hardware processes, in particular, melting of aluminum alloys in gas reflectant furnaces of the process are revealed; ♦ the operating map of the furnace maintenance process is presented; ♦ the method of using the queuing theory to develop optimal population norms is presented using the example of melting processes of alloys in gas reflecting furnaces; ♦ the indicators of the functioning of the service system for melting furnaces by a team of workers of various composition are calculated.

Email:	vadimak@yandex.ru, scorpiony70@mail.ru, laresa@inbox.ru
Сведения:	Vadim A. Shchekoldin, Candidate of Economics, Professor; Irina V. Bogatyreva, Candidate of Economics, Associate Professor; Larisa A. Ilyukhina, Candidate of Economics, Associate Professor - Samara State University of Economics.

106

ECONOMIC THEORY

REGIONAL ECONOMICS

ECONOMICS, ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONS, BRANCHES, COMPLEXES

ACCOUNTING, STATISTICS

LABOR ECONOMICS