Вестник Самарского государственного экономического университета

Вестник самарского государственного экономического университета
Vestnik of Samara State University of Economics

2020 №2 (184)

WORLD ECONOMICS

Sinitsova Ya.S.

ROLE OF PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY IN THE WORLD ECONOMY

The pharmaceutical industry is one of the most important sectors of the global economy in the context of population growth, the emergence of new diseases, rising health care costs, etc. The level of development of this industry directly affects the quality and standard of living of the population, the dynamics and nature of demographic changes in the country, the pace of economic development and growth.
Keywords: pharmaceutical industry, world economy, medicines, pharmaceutical manufacturers. Highlights: identified the main indicators of the economic impact of the pharmaceutical industry in Europe are identified; analyzed the costs of research and development in the pharmaceutical industry in Europe, the USA and Japan, as well as in the pharmaceutical sector by region are analyzed; the main activities of the largest world pharmaceutical companies are considered; leader countries in terms of global pharmaceutical production and employment in the pharmaceutical industry are identified.

Email:	Yana17-21@mail.ru
Сведения:	Yana S. Sinitsova, post-graduate student of Peter the Great of St. Petersburg Polytechnic University.

Khodochenko A. V.

TRANSITION TO THE GREEN ECONOMY AS A STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE BLACK SEA ECONOMIC COOPERATION

Global environmental trends have a significant impact on the development of international and national strategies for the formation of the green economy. The Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC) under study plays an important role in the formation of a new model of the global economy, which in the future will reflect environmental aspects. The study provides the main recommendations characterizing certain points of the strategy for the BSEC countries. Using the developed green economy strategy for the BSEC countries, key elements and effects are identified that will improve the socio-economic development of any country. The author proposes a set of measures for accelerating the transition to the green economy using the example of Russia as one of the key players in BSEC. The article discusses possible tools for implementing the green economy in BSEC.
Keywords: BSEC, green economy, sustainable development, ecology, strategy, Russia, tools. Highlights: every year the environmental situation in the world worsens, which requires states to intensify the development of long-term environmental programs to reduce environmental risks; the author develops aa strategy for the transition to the green economy in the BSEC countries, which is a promising organization in the international arena; a set of measures for the accelerated transition to the green economy in Russia are proposed.

Email:	anastasia.kh61@mail.ru
Сведения:	Anastasia V. Khodochenko, post-graduate student, assistant at the Department of World Economics at Rostov State University of Economics (RINH), Rostov-on-Don.

REGIONAL ECONOMICS

Turgel I.D., Talimova G.U.

WORLD EXPERIENCE OF REGIONAL INSTITUTES OF DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL-ENTREPRENEURIAL CORROSIONS OF KAZAKHSTAN

The study represents the world experience in the creation and functioning of regional development institutions, based on which three basic models of their organization were identified. The relevance of the study is due to the need to determine effective and efficient formats for interaction between regional authorities and the local business community. Based on the analysis of foreign experience in the main areas and parameters of regional development institutions, an appropriate benchmarking was conducted: the organization and financing of regional development institutions, operational and strategic management systems of regional development institutions, the effectiveness and prospects of the transformation of regional development institutions. It has been established that social and entrepreneurial corporations of Kazakhstan, due to inconsistent government policies, have not transformed into a full-fledged regional development institution.
Keywords: regional development agency, socio-entrepreneurial corporations, regional development institutions, public-private partnerships, quasi-state organizations. Highlights: the world experience in the creation and functioning of regional development institutions is reviewed and summarized; a comparative analysis of the main areas and parameters of regional development institutions is carried out; the most preferable models and forms of regional development institutions are established.

Email:	i.d.turgel@urfu.ru, ms.talimova@mail.ru
Сведения:	Irina D. Turgel, Doctor of Economics, Professor, Vice rector for science; Gulmira U. Talimova, post-graduate student. Higher School of Economics and Management of the Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg.

ECONOMICS, ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONS, BRANCHES, COMPLEXES

Kalenskaya N.V., Mukhadisova V.-R.F., Kurbanova A.S.

EMOTIONAL CONNECTION OF THE CONSUMER AND BRAND. FACTORS OF INFLUENCE ON THE SELECTION OF A BRAND WHEN PURCHASING

The study describes the main results of the authors` studies in the framework of studying the nature of consumer behavior. The results of a survey conducted using online panels are interesting and allow drawing conclusions about factors affecting consumer behavior, as well as the emotional connection between the consumer and the brand. The authors proposed modified emotional model of consumer behavior in making decisions about the choice / purchase of goods or services. The research methodology was built in the framework of the theory of behavioral economics based on the method of segmentation by benefits and values. This made it possible to significantly supplement the process of modeling consumer behavior. The factors influencing the choice of the brand were identified, the degree of their influence was revealed during the survey. The survey was conducted among 500 male and female respondents aged 18 to 35 years. The peculiarity of the study was to establish the age limits of respondents to more accurately identify the characteristics of the segment, similar in perceived values and lifestyle, which determined the segmentation of benefits. Based on the study, the authors formed a model of intellectual operations with emotions, identified the tools of influence, factors that influence the choice of the brand, and emotional factors that influence the behavior of the youth segment.
Keywords: consumer behavior, emotional intelligence, emotional connection, brand, loyalty, emotion, value. Highlights: a new impulse of loyalty to a brand or trademark was revealed based on the formation of a strong emotional connection or emotional association with the consumer for a brand-name promise is identified; a marketing study of the behavior of the youth segment is carried out, which makes it possible to identify influence factors that allowed us to model and control the behavior of consumers of a specific target segment; a modified emotional model of consumer behavior is formed based on tools of emotional intelligence and provisions of the behavioral economy.

Email:	kalen7979@mail.ru, regina_market@mail.ru, 89172819462@mail.ru
Сведения:	Nataya V. Kalenskaya, Doctor of Economics, Professor, Head of the Department of Marketing; Vasilisa-Regina F. Mukhadisova, post-graduate student; Albina S. Kurbanova, post-graduate - Institute of Management, Economics and Finance, Kazan (Volga) Federal University.

Kalinichenko M.P.

SIMULATION OF INTERACTION BETWEEN ENTERPRISES WITH KEY GROUPS OF INTERESTED PARTIES, CONSIDERING HARMONY OF JOINT INTERESTS

The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to develop tools and get exceptional opportunities for analyzing and improving the management of economic processes in the enterprise, considering the assessment of the achieved level of harmony (entropy) of joint interests with key groups of stakeholders. An economic and mathematical simulation model was developed, implemented on the Powersim platform, which allowed, based on scenario analysis, substantiating economic decisions that affect the functioning of the industrial enterprise, considering harmony of joint interests.
Keywords: harmony of interests, interested parties, conflict of interests, enterprise, control system, system-dynamic modeling, Powersim platform. Highlights: an economic-mathematical simulation model of the interaction of the industrial enterprise with key groups of stakeholders is developed; substantiated economic decisions affecting the functioning of the industrial enterprise, considering harmony of joint interests is substantiated.

Email:	mpk79@mail.ru
Сведения:	Maxim P. Kalinichenko, Candidate of Economics, Associate Professor of Donets National University.

Poddymnikov O.P.

RESEARCH OF THE REASONS FOR HIGH GROWTH RATES OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY COMPANIES

The purpose of the study is to find out the reasons for the high growth rates of IT companies relative to other sectors. To do this, we analyzed the quantitative and qualitative indicators of companies in various industries included in the S&P 500 index. This allowed us to determine the impact of technology on activities of companies. This study can help investors in the stock market correctly assess the prospects for stocks of companies in various sectors of the economy. Also, the results obtained can be useful to commercial and investment banks in assessing the value of companies for lending and organizing equity raising (IPO, SPO). In addition, the findings of this study may be applied by in various sectors the management of companies, allowing them to more efficiently allocate resources.
Keywords: technology, comparative analysis, productivity, information technology, industry, sectors, industries, stocks. Highlights: the main factors affecting the financial and economic performance of companies and the price of shares are identified; the main differences between the types of product / service that are produced / rendered by companies in various sectors are identified; pricing options specific to IT companies and companies in industrial sectors are considered; the impact of the Internet and several related technological innovations on the method of production and consumption in various sectors of the economy is analyzed.

Email:	poddimnikov@mail.ru
Сведения:	Oleg P. Poddymnikov, post-graduate student of Lomonosov Moscow State University.

Shishkina A. V.

PERIODIZATION OF DEVELOPMENT OF COMMERCIAL DISCOUNTS

The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to develop theoretical knowledge in the field of applying commercial discounts - a financial instrument that is currently widely used in various areas of economic activity, but little studied from the point of view of its history and periodization of development, as well as evolution of views of scientists on the purpose of application and methods of analysis of its economic efficiency. The problem is in the study of the possible goals and features of the application of various types of commercial discounts at each historical stage of their development. The purpose of the study is to develop periodization development of commercial discounts, reflecting the evolution of their development and comparison with the main periods of world history, as well as identifying trends in the historical development of commercial discounts. This study was carried out through the application of such methods of theoretical knowledge as a grouping method and a return (or elementary-theoretical) analysis and synthesis. Research result: periodization development of commercial discounts is proposed, containing a comparison of their evolution with the main periods of world history, trends in the historical development of commercial discounts are identified. The scientific significance of the study is to generalize and streamline theoretical knowledge about the history of the emergence and evolutionary development of commercial discounts, starting from the moment the first money appeared and the origin of commodity-money relations to the present. The practical value of the research results is to identify the evolution of commercial discounts and the possibility of using the accumulated historical experience to develop new, more effective ways to apply discounts.
Keywords: commercial discount, discounter, lessee, customer, seller, price, trade, services, development stage, periodization. Highlights: the history of the emergence and development of discounts from the inception of commodity-money relations to the present is analyzed; the features of the application of various types of discounts at each historical stage of their development are revealed; the evolution of commercial discounts is compared with the main periods of world history; conclusions are made about the current state of commercial discounts: the growing pace of development of discount programs, a significant expansion of the classification of discounts, expanding the scope of commercial discounts and moving them beyond retail trade, and the prospect of further progression of these processes.

Email:	shishkinaav@susu.ru
Сведения:	Anna V. Shishkina, senior lecturer, Department of Accounting, Analysis and Audit, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk.

LABOUR ECONOMICS

Mikhailov F.B., Myasnikov D.A.

FEATURES OF INVESTMENTS IN HUMAN CAPITAL IN DEVELOPING INNOVATIVE TECHNICAL SYSTEMS

In the context of intensified processes of diffusion of innovations, organizations face the problem of mobilizing resources to accelerate the introduction of new technical systems. At the same time, many enterprises are currently experiencing financial difficulties and therefore introduce investment restrictions on the development of human resources of the organization. The study presents models of changes in the growth dynamics of economic efficiency of new technical systems, depending on the amount of investment directed to the development of human capital. The importance of investment in human capital in the implementation of the organization`s innovation policy is shown.
Keywords: hybrid production, human capital, innovation, efficiency, investment, qualification, competencies, production costs. Highlights: the development of production at modern Russian enterprises very often occurs through the integration of innovative equipment and units of earlier technological systems, which creates certain problems in servicing such technical systems and ensuring stable economic efficiency; the main priorities in the distribution of costs for servicing equipment are dictated by the tasks of ensuring its operability in conditions of limited time resources to eliminate failures in its operation; the study showed that investments aimed at staff development can reduce the malfunctions and accidents in new technical systems by improving the quality of their service, while the total cost of operating the equipment decreases with a noticeable increase in its productivity.

Email:	mifb@rambler.ru, dmitriymyasnikov@mail.ru
Сведения:	Fedor B. Mikhailov, Candidate of Economics, Associate Professor; Dmitry A. Myasnikov, post-assistant - Kazan (Volga) Federal University.

FINANCE, CURRENCY CIRCULATION AND CREDIT

Mulendeeva L.N.

THE ROLE OF PUBLIC LOAN IN THE FORMATION OF THE STATE BUDGET POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The study considers the problem of the relationship of financial and credit relations, which found expression in the content of the economic category “state credit”. In the course of the study, the role of state credit in the formation of the budget policy was revealed. The analysis of the debt policy of the Russian Federation in the current conditions of economic development showed its significant impact on the parameters of the state budget policy. To ensure macroeconomic stability and balanced development of the state in the medium term, it is planned to form a structural deficit of the federal budget of the Russian Federation, which requires a balanced approach to the implementation of policies in the field of public credit management.
Keywords: state credit, fiscal policy, budget deficit, public debt, domestic debt, external debt. Highlights: the dualistic nature of the economic category “state credit” is shown, combining the signs of financial and credit relations; the main indicators characterizing the debt policy of the Russian Federation are analyzed; the role of state credit in the formation of the state budget policy is considered.

Email:	muln@mail.ru
Сведения:	Larisa N. Mulendeeva, Candidate of Economics, Associate Professor of the Department of Finance and Credit of Samara State University of Economics.

Rakhaev V.A.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE LENDING MECHANISM TO AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS UNDER CURRENT CONDITIONS

The relevance of the study is due to the need for a differentiated approach to the formation of the lending mechanism. The author poses the problem of considering the current practice of the bank lending mechanism in the agricultural sector of the economy. The purpose of the study is to develop recommendations for improving the lending mechanism to agricultural producers. The methods of classification, comparison and structural analysis are used. The analysis of the existing lending mechanism to agricultural commodity producers is carried out, the relationship of the elements of the lending mechanism is shown, the requirements for the borrower, objects and loan conditions are disclosed. The structure of loan portfolios of Sberbank PJSC and Rosselkhozbank JSC in the agro-industrial complex by business segments and purpose of loans is considered. The main types of the lending mechanism to agricultural producers in lending for seasonal work, investment goals, working capital replenishment are presented. Based on the analysis of the loan portfolio, the conditions for lending to corporate borrowers are identified, depending on the business segment and the purpose of loans, which are applied in practice. When analyzing credit conditions, the main attention is paid to the size of the loan, loan interest, collateral, loan term. The basic requirements for customers when lending for specific purposes are considered. Deficiencies of the existing lending mechanism are identified. Recommendations on improving the lending mechanism to agricultural producers are given.
Keywords: borrower, lender, credit mechanism, credit conditions, loan size, loan term, collateral, loan interest, lending facility. Highlights: the existing structure of the portfolio of agricultural loans of commercial banks is analyzed; the main types of lending mechanisms to agricultural producers are identified and described; recommendations on improving the mechanism of lending to agricultural producers are given.

Email:	raxaev.valerij@mail.ru
Сведения:	Valery A. Rakhaev, Candidate of Economics, Associate Professor, Department of Finance and Credit, Samara State University of Economics.

WORLD ECONOMICS

REGIONAL ECONOMICS

ECONOMICS, ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONS, BRANCHES, COMPLEXES

LABOUR ECONOMICS

FINANCE, CURRENCY CIRCULATION AND CREDIT