Trends and clusters of Russian regions by level of engineering education
Abstract. This study reveals trends in engineering training in Russia and identifies clusters of regions taking into account the formed dynamics and peculiarities of engineering education. Engineering specialty profiles are one of the key demanded areas of the natural science sector of education, which is emphasized in a number of strategic documents of the country`s development (National Project "Personnel", State Program of Scientific and Technological Development, etc.). The study is based on the statistical data of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation on more than 650 universities. The methods of descriptive statistics, dynamic and structural analysis were applied. The analysis of the dynamics of engineering student contingent and universities with engineering profile has revealed the following trends: uneven distribution of engineering training by federal districts; leading regions (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Tatarstan, etc.) provide a significant share of training, while a number of regions show a decrease in growth rates and insignificant contribution to the all-Russian indicator. As a result of the study, the regions are clustered by growth rates and contribution to engineering training into 8 groups, which allows classifying regions according to different trajectories of engineering education development. The leading regions include: Moscow, Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Samara, Novosibirsk Oblasts, Republic of Tatarstan, etc., and the lagging regions include Sakhalin Oblast, Yamalo-Nenets and Nenets Autonomous Okrug, etc. The detailed analysis of the regions allowed us to identify the most advanced regions of engineering education development. The detailed analysis of regions allowed identifying the leading engineering universities by regions (MEPhI, TPU, SamSTU, KAI, etc.). The results obtained are of practical value for the development of regional strategies and prioritization of state support of the natural science sector of education and science.
Keywords: higher education, engineering personnel, region, trends, clustering, science sector of education.
Hightlightts:
- the uneven distribution of engineering personnel training by federal districts has been revealed;
- the regions that make a significant contribution to engineering personnel training were identified;
- clusters of regions were identified depending on the formed trends in engineering training in Russia;
- the leading engineering universities of the country were identified in the context of the advanced regions of the country that form a significant contribution to engineering education.
Aliya A. Gataullina - Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia