Features of the formation and development of the territorial higher education system of the Volga Federal District
Abstract The article investigates specific characteristics of the formation of the higher education system in the subjects of the Volga Federal District. In order to analyze a system of scientific and educational institutions of the district, statistical data from Rosstat, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, the results of the population census for the period 2017-2022 were studied, on the basis of which such methods as descriptive, comparative, cartographic, geoinformation, and mathematical statistics were applied. The dynamics of the main indicators of higher education (a number of universities, a number of students, specialization of students, a number of people with higher education, etc.) is analyzed with the identification of key trends, including a reduction in the number of universities, in particular public and private institutions of higher education, the concentration of scientific and educational space in certain top economic regions (the Republic of Tatarstan, Nizhny Novgorod the region, Perm Region, etc.). Based on the trend model, a forecast of the number of university students until 2027 was built, which allowed us to conclude about a trend of reduction in the number of students, which will negatively affect the economy of the regions in the future. To assess the accessibility of higher education in the regions of the district, the coefficient of higher education provision was calculated, the features of spatial differentiation of the indicator were revealed - lagging regions (the Chuvash Republic, the Republic of Bashkortostan, etc.) and leading ones (the Republic of Tatarstan, the Samara Region, etc.) were identified. To assess the regional demand for higher education, an integral index of the need for universities was calcu lated, on the basis of which the regions with the maximum need for universities (Kirov Region, Perm Region, Ulyanovsk and Orenburg regions) were determined.
Keywords: territorial system of higher education, university, Volga Federal District, region, higher education, trends, provision coefficient of higher education, integral index of need in universities
Highlights:
♦ the uneven placement and concentration of scientific and educational institutions (universities) in certain economically successful subjects of the Russian Federation has been revealed;
♦ the basic indicators of the scientific and educational environment of the region (the number of higher educational institutions, the number of students, the proportion of students in training specialties, etc.) are considered in dynamics, on the basis of which the main trends are identified: a decrease in the number of scientific and educational institutions with a parallel decrease in the number of students;
♦ based on the calculation of the coefficient of higher education provision, the regions with the minimum coefficient value (Orenburg region, Bashkortostan and Chuvashia) and the regions with the lowest coefficient value (Republic of Mari El, Mordovia, Tatarstan, etc.) are identified;
♦ based on the calculation of the integral index of the need for universities, regions with the maximum need for universities (Kirov region, Perm Region, Ulyanovsk and Orenburg regions) and regions with the minimum need for universities (Tatarstan, Samara region, Mordovia) were identified.
Yulia A. Shakirova, Aliya A. Gataullina, Victoria A. Sozonova, Alina A. Zyabbarova - Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia