THE MIGRATION OF THE RURAL POPULATION IN THE LIPETSK REGION
Migration of the population, especially the rural one, most often causes a negative assessment of its possible consequences. At the same time, there is understanding of the inevitability of this process. For many rural residents, migration has become a boon: a salvation from unemployment, from social unrest. Therefore, objective assessment of all aspects of the migration process is required. Using statistical data on the population migration, labor resource balances, a study of migration and labor migration was conducted on the example of the Lipetsk region. The scale of migration within the region, as well as within other regions, and migration exchange with foreign countries, including with the nearest neighbors, are determined and evaluated. It was found that rural residents mostly prefer to move within the region, while more than half of urban residents are participants in interregional migration. In the interregional migration exchange, the Lipetsk region loses its population more and more. However, it is an attractive region for foreign migrants. Thanks to them, the region has a positive indicator of migration growth. It was found that the key reason for both migration and labor migration of the population is the lack of jobs there where potential migrants live. Problems with employment at the place of residence form the migration potential of rural areas, which currently accounts for about a third of the labor resources of rural areas. Based on the experience of economic development of certain municipal districts of the Lipetsk region, it can be stated that the creation of new high-paying jobs can significantly reduce the scale of both migration and labor migration.
Keywords population migration, intraregional migration, interregional migration, rural territories, rural population, labor resources, labor migration. Highlights:
♦ the author determined the scale and assessed the migration in the Lipetsk region as a whole, and in rural areas in particular;
♦ the key reason for migration in the region is justified;
♦ the state of migration in the context of administrative divisions of the Lipetsk region is analyzed;
♦ the negative aspects and positive aspects of labor migration are noted.
Yugov Evgeny Alexandrovich, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Agricultural Economics of the Voronezh State Agrarian University named after Emperor Peter I.