National projects and problems of ensuring the connectivity of the economic space of Russia
Abstract. One of the key problems of the spatial development of the country, as follows from the Strategy for the Spatial Development of the Russian Federation until 2025, is the insufficient transport connectivity of its territories. At the same time, at the federal and regional levels, the development of the main transport infrastructure is carried out within the framework of a specialized national project. The purpose of the article is to substantiate directions and tools for improving the project approach to managing the connectivity of the Russian economic space. The work revealed conceptual foundations of the connectivity of the economic space. It was revealed that the application of the project approach in 2019-2021 led to a number of positive results in terms of increasing the commercial speed of movement in the railway transport; the reduction over this period of the delivery time of goods within the international transport corridors (until the aggravation of the sanctions "war"), as well as the "clearing" of a number of "bottlenecks" at the infrastructure facilities. At the same time, due to the aggravation of existing and the emergence of new challenges, the task of improving the management efficiency in this area remains relevant, and therefore, in the final part of the work, directions and tools for improving the project approach to managing the connectivity of Russia`s space were substantiated. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the directions and tools for improving the implementation of the profile national project were substantiated in the context of ensuring the connectivity of the country`s economic space.
Keywords: economic space, region, European North of Russia, non-urbanized (rural) territories, population, forecast, depopulation, migration outflow
Highlights:
♦ application in 2019-2021 at the federal and regional levels, the project approach has made it possible to increase the connectivity of the Russian economic space;
♦ in modern conditions, a number of problems have become aggravated that can reduce the effectiveness of the national project in the medium and long term (restrictions on the import of the necessary equipment, disruption of logistics chains, etc.);
♦ increasing the connectivity of the country`s space will be facilitated by the conjugation and coordinated development of various modes of transport; introduction of "end-to-end" digital technologies in the industry; support for public private partnership (PPP) projects; the use of special modes of transport in the remote areas and with difficult economic conditions, etc.
Sergei A. Kozhevnikov - Vologda Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vologda, Russia